Voice Changing

Changing Sentences: Voice (Active to Passive)

Voice নির্দেশ করে, একটি বাক্যের Subject নিজে কাজটি সম্পন্ন করছে (Active) নাকি কাজটি subject এর দ্বারা গৃহীত হচ্ছে (Passive)। 

• Active Voice: The subject does the work. (Example: I eat an apple.)
• Passive Voice: The subject receives the work. (Example: An apple is eaten by me.)

Voice Change এর Golden Rules:

1. Active sentence এর Object-টি Passive Subject এর নতুন Subject হয়ে যায়। 
2. Active sentence-এর Subject-টি Passive sentence-এর নতুন Object হয়ে যায় (যা সাধারণত 'by' Preposition-এর পরে বসে)। 
3. অবশ্যই মূল verb-এর 3rd form (Past Participle বা V3) ব্যবহার করতে হবে। 
4. Tense কখনো পরিবর্তিত হয় না, কিন্তু tense অনুযায়ী মেলাতে auxiliary (helping) verb-টি পরিবর্তিত হয়। 

Pronoun Changes:

I → me | We → us | You → you | He → him | She → her | They → them | It → it

Part 1: Changing by Tense (Active to Passive)

1. Present Indefinite Tense

        Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + am / is / are + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে।

       Examples:

• Active: He writes a letter.
• Passive: A letter is written by him.
• Active: I play football.
• Passive: Football is played by me.
• Active: They respect the teacher.
• Passive: The teacher is respected by them.
• Active: She sings a song.
• Passive: A song is sung by her.
• Active: We drink water.
• Passive: Water is drunk by us.

   2. Present Continuous Tense

      Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + am being / is being / are being + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে।  

     Examples:

• Active: He is writing a letter.
• Passive: A letter is being written by him.
• Active: I am eating rice.
• Passive: Rice is being eaten by me.
• Active: They are flying kites.
• Passive: Kites are being flown by them.
• Active: She is making tea.
• Passive: Tea is being made by her.
• Active: The boys are watching TV.
• Passive: TV is being watched by the boys.

  3. Present Perfect Tense

   Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + have been / has been + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে।  

   Examples:

• Active: He has written a letter.
• Passive: A letter has been written by him.
• Active: I have eaten my lunch.
• Passive: My lunch has been eaten by me.
• Active: We have won the match.
• Passive: The match has been won by us.
• Active: She has finished the work.
• Passive: The work has been finished by her.
• Active: They have caught a fish.
• Passive: A fish has been caught by them.

  4. Past Indefinite Tense

  Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + was / were + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে।  

  Examples:

• Active: He wrote a letter.
• Passive: A letter was written by him.
• Active: I bought a book.
• Passive: A book was bought by me.
• Active: The hunter killed the bird.
• Passive: The bird was killed by the hunter.
• Active: She helped me.
• Passive: I was helped by her.
• Active: They played cricket.
• Passive: Cricket was played by them.

  5. Past Continuous Tense

  Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + was being / were being + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে 

  Examples:

• Active: He was writing a letter.
• Passive: A letter was being written by him.
• Active: They were digging a canal.
• Passive: A canal was being dug by them.
• Active: She was drawing a picture.
• Passive: A picture was being drawn by her.
• Active: I was reading a book.
• Passive: A book was being read by me.
• Active: We were learning English.
• Passive: English was being learned by us.

   6. Past Perfect Tense 

   Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + had been + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে।  

   Examples:

• Active: He had written a letter.
• Passive: A letter had been written by him.
• Active: I had done the work.
• Passive: The work had been done by me.
• Active: They had seen the tiger.
• Passive: The tiger had been seen by them.
• Active: She had cooked the food.
• Passive: The food had been cooked by her.
• Active: The boys had played the match.
• Passive: The match had been played by the boys.

  7. Future Indefinite Tense

  Rule: Object-টি Subject হিসেবে + shall be / will be + V3 + by + Subject-টি Object হিসেবে।  

  Examples:

• Active: He will write a letter.
• Passive: A letter will be written by him.
• Active: I shall do the work.
• Passive: The work will be done by me.
• Active: They will help us.
• Passive: We shall be helped by them. (Note: 'I' এবং 'We'-এর সাথে 'shall' ব্যবহার করতে হবে।) 
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